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Bonds

A bond is a debt investment in which an investor loans money to an entity (typically corporate or governmental) which borrows the funds for a defined period of time at a variable or fixed interest rate. Bonds are used by companies, municipalities, states and sovereign governments to raise money and finance a variety of projects and activities. Owners of bonds are creditors, of the issuer.

CHARACTERISTICS OF BONDS

  • Face value is the money amount the bond will be worth at its maturity, and is also the reference amount the bond issuer uses when calculating interest payments
  • Coupon rate is the rate of interest the bond issuer will pay on the face value of the bond, expressed as a percentage
  • Coupon dates are the dates on which the bond issuer will make interest payments. Typical intervals are annual or semi-annual coupon payments.
  • Maturity date is the date on which the bond will mature and the bond issuer will pay the bond holder the face value of the bond.
  • Issue price is the price at which the bond issuer originally sells the bonds.